, 14 de febrero de 2017
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Xalapa, Ver., 14 de febrero de 2017.-El 14 de febrero de 1989 el líder religioso de Irán, el ayatolá Ruhollah Jomeini, dictó una fatwa, equivalente a una sentencia de muerte, en contra del escritor indo-británico Salman Rushdie por considerar que su libro Versos satánicos (1988) trataba con irreverencia la figura del profeta Mahoma.
Previamente a la sentencia de Jomeini, doce países habían prohibido el libro, que desató polémica desde el momento de su aparición. La fatwa obligó a Rushdie a mantenerse oculto por varios años en Gran Bretaña, debido a que el cumplimiento de la sentencia no estaba alentada sólo por motivos religiosos sino también económicos, ya que el ayatolá ofreció una recompensa de tres millones de dólares por la muerte del escritor.
En distintas ocasiones Rushdie se disculpó y señaló enfáticamente su respeto al Islam, al igual que a la figura de Mahoma, pero no fue suficiente. En 1998 Rushdie fue de algún modo perdonado, cuando el gobierno iraní declaró que no estaba interesado en perseguir la muerte del escritor, sin embargo, de acuerdo con la tradición religiosa islámica sólo quien dictó una fatwa puede cancelarla, lo cual no era posible dado que el ayatola falleció en 1989, de modo que para muchos el edicto sigue vigente.
Aunque Salman Rushdie, después de la declaración del gobierno iraní, afirmó que dejaría de vivir oculto, en distintas ocasiones se ha visto obligado a cancelar presentaciones públicas por la sospecha de atentados en su contra. En India el libro continúa prohibido.
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